Babylon

Astronomical Diary

Hellenistic [161]

Names

  • AD -210

Numbers

  • X202100
  • BM 45610
  • SH 81-7-6,3

View

Details

  • Hellenistic
  • Babylon
  • Astronomical Diary

AD -210

Obverse
o 1'o 1'

[... ITU] ⸢BI⸣ KI.LAM ⸢še⸣-[im ...]

(o 1') [... Th]at [month], the equivalent (for 1 shekel of silver was): bar[ley, ...]

o 2'2'

[... ina] ⸢TIL⸣ ITU ina MUL₂.MUL₂ GU₄.UD ⸢ina⸣ MAŠ.MAŠ ina MURUB₄ [ITU ...]

(o 2') [... at the en]d of the month in Taurus; Mercury was in Gemini, in the middle [of the month ...]

o 3'3'

[SIG ...] 4? KUŠ₃ GE₆ 2 sin ina IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-⸢ULU₃⸣ [N N ...]

(o 3') [Month III, ...] 4? cubits. Night of the 2nd, the moon was [...] in front of δ Cancri [...]

o 4'4'

[... GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆] sin ar₂ GIŠ.KUN-A 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ [...]

(o 4') [... Night of the 5th, beginning of the night,] the moon was 1 cubit behind ϑ Leonis. Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, [...]

o 5'5'

[... GE₆ 9] ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin ar₂ RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 10 ⸢SAG⸣ [GE₆ ...]

(o 5') [... Night of the 9th, beg]inning of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind α Librae. Night of the 10th, beginn]ing of the night, [...]

o 6'6'

[... GE₆ 12 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂] ⸢MUL₂⸣-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ 12? GU₄.UD [ina ŠU₂ ina ALLA ŠU₂ ...]

(o 6') [... Night of the 12th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 3 1/2 cubits [behind] ϑ Ophiuchi. The 12th?, Mercury’s [last appearance in the west in Cancer ...]

o 7'7'

[... GE₆ 14] ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂.BABBAR 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB [x] [...]

(o 7') [... Night of the 14th, beginn]ing of the night, the moon stood 1 1/2 cubits behind Jupiter to the east ... [...]

o 8'8'

[...] 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-[ša₂-SUḪUR-MAŠ₂ N N ...]

(o 8') [...] 2 1/2 cubits. Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind δ Capri[corni ...]

o 9'9'

[... GE₆ 22] ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-ḪUN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ [...]

(o 9') [... Night of the 22nd,] last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind α Arietis [...]

o 10'10'

[... GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂] sin ina IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 26 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ [sin ...]

(o 10') [... Night of the 25th, last part of the night,] the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of β Tauri. Night of the 26th, last part of the [night, the moon ...]

o 11'11'

[... GE₆] ⸢29?⸣ ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat e ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 SI TE [...]

(o 11') [... Night] of the 29th?, last part of the night, Venus was 1 finger above ζ Tauri, it came close [...]

o 12'12'

[... SIG₂.ḪI]..A 4 MA.NA ana 1 GIN₂ KU₃.BABBAR ep₂-šu₂ [...]

(o 12') [... woo]l, 4 minas, were sold for 1 shekel of silver [...]

o 13'13'

[...] ITU BI ILLU NU PAP

(o 13') [...] That month, I did not watch the river level.

o 14'14'

[ŠU 1 ... sin e] LUGAL 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ 1 ina AN.BAR₇ IZI.ŠUB [...]

(o 14') [Month IV, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [above] α Leonis. The 1st, around noon, a „fall of fire“ [...]

o 15'15'

[... GE₆ 3 sin ar₂ GIR₃]-ar₂-ša₂-A 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ ⸢sin⸣ [...]

(o 15') [... Night of the 3rd, the moon was] 1 cubit [behind] β Virginis. Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moo[n ...]

o 16'16'

[... GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI] RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2/3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 7 [...]

(o 16') [... Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2/3 cubit [in front of] α Librae. Night of the 7th, [...]

o 17'17'

[...] ⸢x⸣ [...]

(o 17') [...] ... [...]

Reverse
r 1'r 1'

[...] ⸢x⸣ [...]

(r 1') [...] ... [...]

r 2'2'

[...] ⸢ina ZALAG₂⸣ [AN] ⸢SIG⸣ [SAG]-A 4 KUŠ₃ 14 ⸢x⸣ [... GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂]

(r 2') [...] last part of the night, [Mars was] 4 cubits below ε Leonis. The 14th, ... [... Night of the 18th, last part of the night,]

r 3'3'

[sin ar₂ MUL₂]-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-ḪUN [N] KUŠ₃ ina IGI GENNA 3 KUŠ₃ ana ⸢ŠU₂ GUB⸣ [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂]

(r 3') [the moon was nn] cubits [behind] α Arietis, it stood 3 cubits in front of Saturn to the west [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night,]

r 4'4'

[sin SIG ŠUR]-⸢GIGIR⸣-ša₂-SI 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 22 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ [... GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂]

(r 4') [the moon was] 1 2/3 cubits [below ζ ] Tauri, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west. Night of the 22nd, last part [of the night, ... Night of the 24th, last part of the night,]

r 5'5'

[sin x MAŠ.MAŠ]-ar₂ 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 [KUŠ₃ ...]

(r 5') [the moon was] 2 cubits [... β Gemi]norum. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 [cubit] behind δ Cancri [...]

r 6'6'

[x x x] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat e LUGAL 2 U 28 23.10 KUR muš GE₆ [...]

(r 6') [...] ... Night of the 27th, last part of the night, Venus was 2 fingers above α Leonis. The 28th, moonrise to sunrise: 23° 10', measured. Night [...]

r 7'7'

[x x x] 2(BARIG)? PI ŠE.GIŠ 2(BAN₂) 1 1/2 qa SIG₂.ḪI..A 4 MA.NA a-na 1 GIN₂ KU₃.BABBAR ep₂-šu₂ ⸢i-nu-šu₂⸣ [...]

(r 7') [...] 2 pānu?; sesame, 2 sūtu 1 1/2 qa; wool, 4 minas were sold for 1 shekel of silver. At that time, [...]

r 8'8'

[x x x] ⸢ITU⸣ BI ILLU NU PAP

(r 8') [...] That [mon]th, I did not watch the river level.

r 9'9'

[KIN 30 x x (x)] ki PAP NU IGI GE₆ 3 sin ar₂ RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 KUŠ₃ in EN 3 GENNA ana ⸢NIM ki UŠ⸣-[u₂ ...]

(r 9') [Month VI, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ...] when I watched I did not see it. Night of the 3rd, the moon was 2 cubits behind α Librae. Around the 3rd, when Saturn became stationary in the east, [...]

r 10'10'

[GE₆ 4] ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin SIG MUL₂-MURUB₄-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 2 U sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB GE₆ ⸢5 SAG GE₆⸣ [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI SI-MAŠ₂ N N]

(r 10') [Night of the 4th, beginn]ing of the night, the moon was 2 fingers below δ Scorpii, the moon having passed a little to the east. Night of the 5th, beginning of the ni[ght, ... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was ... in front of β Capricorni,]

r 11'11'

[sin N N ana] ⸢ULU₃⸣ SIG GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SI-MAŠ₂ 2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ AN e MUL₂-⸢TUR-ša₂-4-KUŠ₃⸣-[ar₂-LUGAL N N ... GE₆ 13? ina ZALAG₂]

(r 11') [the moon being ...] low [to the sou]th. Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits behind β Capricorni; last part of the night, Mars was [...] above ρ Leon[is ... Night of the 13th?, last part of the night,]

r 12'12'

[AN SIG GIŠ].⸢KUN⸣-A 4 KUŠ₃ 13 9.50 ŠU₂ GE₆ 14 2 ME muš 14 [N na ... GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂]

(r 12') [Mars was] 4 cubits [below ϑ Leo]nis. The 13th, moonset to sunrise: 9° 50'. Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 2°, measured. The 14th, [sunrise to moonset: nn° ... Night of the 16th, last part of the night,]

r 13'13'

[sin SIG MUL₂]-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-ḪUN 5 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina [IGI MUL₂.MUL₂ N N ... GE₆ 19]

(r 13') [the moon was] 5 cubits [below] α Arietis, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in [front of η Tauri ... Night of the 19th,]

r 14'14'

[ina ZALAG₂] ⸢sin⸣ ina IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat e GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 1 U TE [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂]

(r 14') [last part of the night, the m]oon was 2 cubits in front of β Tauri; last part of the night, Venus was 1 finger above β Virginis, it came close [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night,]

r 15'15'

[sin ar₂] MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-SIPA 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢sin ar₂⸣ [MAŠ].MAŠ-⸢ar₂ 1/2?⸣ KUŠ₃ sin ⸢x⸣ [...]

(r 15') [the moon was] 1 1/2 cubits [behind] γ Geminorum. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was 1/2? cubit behind β Geminorum, the moon ... [...]

r 16'16'

[... GE₆] 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin e MUL₂-TUR-⸢ša₂⸣-[4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL N N ...]

(r 16') [... Night] of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] above ρ Leo[nis ...]

r 17'17'

[...] ⸢x x⸣ [...]

(r 17') [...] ... [...]

Debugging Information

Invocation

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