Achaemenid
Uruk
Omen
Šumma Alu commentary
commentary to the standard series of terrestrial omina, If a city is situated on a hill: section on bird omens, If a francolin sits on a man's head

Bibliography

Frahm 2011, 53, 83, 93, 97, 99-100, 193-4, 201, 319

SpTU 3, 099 [Šumma Alu commentary][via cams/gkab]


Obverse
o 1o 1	[...] U	(o 1) [...] ...
o 22	DAR.⸢LUGAL^mušen⸣ [...] TU₄	(o 2) the rooster [...] ...
o 33	za-e-da e₂-gal-la-še₃ [...]-ku₄	(o 3) zaʾeda egallaše [...] ku (means): the one who enters the palace without you.
o 44	ša₂ la ka-a-ta a-na E₂.GAL [(...) i]-ru-ub
o 55	ša₂ ina ^lu₂GALA^u₂-^tu ana ^dPAP.[SUKKAL ...] E^u	(o 5) The one who [...] in the lamentation priesthood for Papsukkal, it is said.
o 66	NIG₂.GIG ^dPAP.SUKKAL u ^dNUSKA DAR^mušen u DAR.LUGAL^mušen GU₇	(o 6) The anathema on Pasukkal and Nusuku will consume the francolin and the rooster; alternatively, the anathema on all the gods, it is said.
o 77	ša₂-niš NIG₂.GIG DINGIR-MEŠ DU₃.A.BI qa-bu-u
o 88	* zi-bu^mušen KI.MIN šum₄-ma ŠU DINGIR šum₄-ma ŠU LUGAL KUR-su	(o 8) (If) a vulture (ditto): either the god's hand or the king's hand will reach him.
o 99	zi-bi : bar-bar : ^lu₂KUR₂ : UR.BI.GU₇ : zi-i-bu	(o 9) Vulture (is a synonym of): wolf; : (it is) the enemy; : UR.BI.GU₇ (means): vulture; UR.BI.GU₇ (also means): the eater; : UR.BI.GU₇ (also means): to quarrel (which is a synonym of) fights.
o 1010	UR.BI.GU₇ : a-ki-lu : UR.⸢BI.GU₇⸣ : šu-te-⸢e-ṣu₂⸣-u
o 1111	ṣa-la-a-ta : * TI₈^mušen ina UGU NA [GUB]^iz	(o 11) (If) an eagle stands over a man: that man will be carried off on the 3rd day. : In the interior of [...] ....
o 1212	NA BI ina U₄ 3-KAM iš-šal-lal : ina ⸢ŠA₃⸣ [...] LAL
o 1313	^tu-^umTUM₃ : a-ru-u : TUM₃ : a-ru-[u ša ta-ba]-li1	(o 13) TUM₃ (to be pronounced) tum (means): to lead; : TUM₃ (means): to lead which (is a synonym of): to take away.
o 1414	NUNUZ^mušen : at-mu : li-da-nu [...] U	(o 14) NUNUZ (means): hatchling (which is a synonym of): chick [...] ...; EŠLUG (to be pronounced) tešlug (means): hatchling [...] ... : [...] man.
o 1515	^te-^eš-^lu-^ugEŠLUG : at-⸢mu⸣ [...] UR : [... a]-me-lu
o 1616	la-ku-u₂ : ṣa-ḫar ša₂-niš LU₂ : a-[me-lu ...] x : ku-ru-u	(o 16) Suckling (is a synonym of): tiny; alternatively LU₂ (means): a man [...] ... : dwarf.
o 1717	⸢ZI⸣.GA tu-ub-ba [...] ⸢u₂⸣-še-eṣ-ṣe	(o 17) ZI.GA (means): raised [...] will bring out; the man will bring out ... [...] by himself.
o 1818	LU₂ ina rama-ni-šu₂ x [...] u₂-še-eṣ-ṣe
o 1919	er-bu-u : e-re-bu [... ina] UGU NA GUB^iz2	(o 19) erbû (which means locust is a homophone of): erēbu (which means raven); [...] stands over a man: the enemy will carry off everything of his.
o 2020	mim-mu-šu ^lu₂KUR₂ i-⸢šal⸣-[lal ...] qa-qu-ut-tu₄	(o 20) The qaquttu-bird is the likeness of a duck; U₅.SIM.MUŠEN (means) qaqû-bird (which is a synonym of): qaquttu-bird.
o 2121	tam-šil ⸢pa⸣-as₂-pa-as₂ U₅.⸢SIM^mušen⸣ qa-qu-u : qa-qu-ut-tu₂3
o 2222	U₅^mušen u₈-u₂-a ⸢iṣ⸣-ṣu-ru ša₂-⸢niš ḫu⸣-u₂-a : šu-bat ^lu₂KUR₂	(o 22) The usigu-bird is the woe-bird; alternatively, it is an owl; : the enemy's camp.
o 2323	^bi-^riBIR₅ : ša₂-⸢niš₂^!?⸣ [x] ^si-^imSIM : x ^munus⸢LAGAR^!?⸣ : MUŠEN AN MUŠEN	(o 23) The BIR₅-bird (to be pronounced) biri; alternatively [...] a swallow. : ... a lagaru-priestess. : label+ o 23 - o 26 The bird of heaven is the bird (whose name is) the falcon. : Alternatively the TU-bird (also means): the bird of heaven (or) the TU-bird of heaven; the bird of heaven (is) Anu's dove; an illness will seize him, that man, of whom it is said. From it (the list?): "The pigeon (is a male) : dove".
o 2424	ka-su-su : ša₂-⸢niš⸣ TU^mušen : MUŠEN AN.NA-KE₄ TU^mušen AN.NA-KE₄
o 2525	iṣ-ṣur AN^e su-um-mat ^da-nu-um
o 2626	NA BI GIG DAB-su ša₂ E^u ina ŠA₃-ša₂ su-um-mu : su-um-ma-⸢tu₄⸣
Reverse
r 1r 1	[...] za-qip ša₂ it-tu [...]	(r 1) [...] is upright, concerning a sign [...]
r 22	su-um-ma-niš : ša₂ it-ti-i-ni ^d60 ⸢šur⸣-bu [...]	(r 2) like a dove. : Concerning our sign: the formidable Anu [...]
r 33	BAR-MEŠ : i-zu-uz-zu : na-šu₂-šu₂ : ŠU QU [...]	(r 3) BAR-MEŠ (means): they divide. : Its carriers : ... [...].
r 44	BURU₅.GAL.EDIN.NA^mušen : kal-lat ^dUTU : NIM.UR₄.UR₄ : ḫa-mi-tu₄4	(r 4) BURU₅.GAL.EDIN.NA.MUŠEN, (the hummer is) : the bride of Šamaš; : NIM.UR₄.UR₄ (means): hummer (which is) a big fly.
r 55	zu-um-bu GAL^u : * mim-ma ḪU ⸢ṢU^?⸣ x⸢^{mušen^?}⸣ ina UGU NA GUB^iz	(r 5) (If) any ...-bird stands over a man.
r 66	ina IM.BAD ⸢ŠUB^?⸣ : mim-ma mut-tap-ri-šu : ḫa-an^!-zi-zi-tu₄	(r 6) (An insect) fallen from the wall-plaster : anything winged (could be) hanzizītu-insects; ... (is a synonym of): the Uruk locust; : the moth ... (is a synonym of): wood-wasp; the hanzizītu-insect (is a synonym of): spindle of Ištar.
r 77	ḫa-an-x-x : e-rib UNUG⸢^ki⸣ : ZIZ x x : ku-za-a-zi
r 88	ḫa-an-⸢zi⸣-zi-tu₄ : pi-la-qa ^d⸢iš₈⸣-tar₂ BAR-ME ša₂ * IRI ina SUKUD^e GAR	(r 8) Non-canonical (omens) from (the series): "(If) a city is located on a height".
r 99	* ⸢NIM^?⸣ [(x)] TU^mušen KI.MIN 1 ME u₄-mu is-sal-la-aʾ lib₃-bu-u ar₂-nu	(r 9) (If from) the east [...] a dove ditto: he will be infected for 1 hundred days; meaning "punishment".
r 1010	x [x] ⸢MI^?⸣ MA NI E A ni-iš DINGIR ma-mit ša₂ at-ti te-pu-šu₂	(r 10) ... the oath (is) the oath that you, yourself, made; they made it for me (indeed).
r 1111	ia-a-ši i-pu-šu-u : * TU^mušen E^u : ⸢BURU₅.KA₅^?⸣^mušen : zi-i-bu	(r 11) (If) the dove, it is said. : BURU₅.KA₅.MUŠEN (means): vulture.
r 1212	MUŠEN RI.RI : iṣ-ṣur mut-tap-ri-šu ša₂-niš mut-tap-ri-ir-ri : zi-bu-u	(r 12) MUŠEN RI.RI (means): winged bird; alternatively (the bird which) roams around: (they are) vultures.
r 1313	ir-ḫu-uḫ-ma : is-si-ma : GU₃^gu-^u₂ NAM.TAG.GA ⸢RA⸣.RA : ra-ḫa-ḫa5	(r 13) He rahāhu (means): he shouts; : he ... the cry of guilt (from the verb) : rahāhu; he ... the cry of guilt. : The one who is angry with himself. : Concerning his cry: "You are very great" from within the incantation: "The exalted one who is angry with himself".
r 1414	GU₃ NAM.TAG.GA RA.RA : mu-uš-ta-az-nu : ša₂ ši-si-it-su
r 1515	ma-gal ra-ba-a-ta lib₃-bu-u EN₂ mu-uš-ta-az-nu ṣi-i-ri
r 1616	šu-pu-u ra-šub-bu : ša₂ KI NAM.BUR₂.BI-ME ana ^dIŠKUR E^u	(r 16) Resplendent (is a synonym of): terrifying. : That is said with apotropaic rituals to Adad.
r 1717	ša₂-niš ra-ḫa-mu : ta-ḫa-ḫa ina AN.ŠAR₂ : ^d60 : * rit-ku-bu MUŠEN IGI	(r 17) Alternatively rahāmu (is a synonym of): to pour. For Anšar : Anu('s father). If birds's copulation is seen: despair will afflict him. : Permanent mounting (will lead to) : despair, that is said. : His mind will change. : ŠED₄.ŠED₄ (to be pronounced) šed-šed (is in the expression): bird's copulation; : ŠED₄ (also means): sin; : ditto (ŠED₄ also means): to cross.
r 1818	<<*>> mi-qit ṭe₃-mi GAR-šu₂ : ra-ka-ba SAG.UŠ : mi-qit ṭe₃-mi
r 1919	ša₂ E^u : ṭe₃-em₄-šu₂ i-ša₂-an-ni^!(NIŠ) : ŠED₄^še-^ed.^še-^edŠED₄6
r 2020	rit-ku-ub MUŠEN : ^še-^edŠED₄ : še-et-tu₄ : MIN<(^še-^edŠED₄)> : e-te-e-qu7

(catchline)
r 2121	* TI₈^mušen-MEŠ ma-gal im-te-du	(r 21) (If) eagles keep increasing greatly.
(colophon)
r 2222	ṣa-a-tu₂ u šu-ut KA ša₂ * DAR^mušen ina UGU NA GUB^iz ša₂ KA um-man-nu	(r 22) Commentary and oral tradition from (the Series): "(If) a francolin stands over a man", from the mouth of an expert.
r 2323	mal₂-su-ut ^m^da-nu—ik-ṣur ⸢DUMU-A.NI⸣ ša₂ ^m^dša₃-maš₂—SUM^na	(r 23) Reading out of Anu-ikṣur, son of Šamaš-iddina [...] Šangi-Ninurta [...] the Urukean.
r 2424	[...] ^lu₂KID.BAR—^dNIN.URTA [...] [^lu₂]⸢qaq⸣-qar—^da-nu^ki-u

1CAD A/2: 313 quotes a similar sentence in Antagal VIII 92; the end of the sentence could hence be certainly restored.

2The spelling er-bu-u for the "raven" (erēbu) is not otherwise attested; on the other hand, e-re-bu could stand both for "raven" and "locust". Given the context, e-re-bu is more likely to stand for "raven". The scribe may have wished to make a word play.

3according to CAD Q: 125, the qaqû-bird appears between UZ.TUR{mušen} and UZ{mušen} in a fowler's list, which would confirm the likeness between both birds.

4the BURU₅.GAL.EDIN.NA{mušen} is not attested for hāmītu; I regard it as a hāmītu because of the end of the line.

5The phonetic gloss is written under the KA sign.

6Either the scribe wanted to write i-ša-an-ni and made a mistake (as suggested here) or he forgot a sign at the end of the verbal form and wanted to recall the equivalence šanû/MAN.

7the last equation does not seem to be elsewhere attested.

Created by Marie-Françoise Besnier for the AHRC-funded GKAB Project, 2010 and released under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license 3.0. Please cite this page as http://oracc.org/cams/gkab/P348703

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Neo-Assyrian

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Neo-Babylonian

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Achaemenid

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Mathematical

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Seleucid

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Historical

Hymn-Prayer

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Medical

Omen

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Scholarly

Uncertain

Uncertain

Astronomical

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Details

Bibliography

SpTU 3, 099 [Šumma Alu commentary][via cams/gkab]

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