ŋal [BE] (V/i)

7399 instances

ŋal [BE] V/i (7399x) Early Dynastic I-II, Early Dynastic IIIa, Early Dynastic IIIb, Old Akkadian, Lagash II, Ur III, Old Babylonian, Middle Assyrian, Middle Babylonian, Neo-Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian, Persian, Hellenistic, Uncertain, unknown wr. ŋal₂; ŋa₂-la; ŋal₂-ŋal₂; ŋal₂-la; gal; kal; nu-ŋal₂; qa-al; x-da-ŋal₂; galŋal₂; ŋa₂ŋal₂; ŋal₂ga-galŋal₂; ŋa₂-ŋa₂ "⟦be⟧ to be (there, at hand, available); to exist; to put, place, lay down; to have; to provide"

[1] 𒅅 ŋal₂
[2] 𒂷𒆷 ŋa₂-la
[3] 𒅅𒅅 ŋal₂-ŋal₂
[4] 𒅅𒆷 ŋal₂-la
[5] 𒃲 gal
[6] 𒆗 kal
[7] 𒉡𒅅 nu-ŋal₂
[8] 𒋡𒀠 qa-al
[9] X𒁕𒅅 x-da-ŋal₂
[10] 𒃲𒅅 gal ŋal₂
[11] 𒂷𒅅 ŋa₂ ŋal₂
[12] 𒅅𒂵𒃲𒅅 ŋal₂ga-galŋal₂
[13] 𒂷𒂷 ŋa₂-ŋa₂
+ --la=l+a (1x/0%); --la=l.a (921x/12%); --lam=l.a (4x/0%); --la₂=l.a (2x/0%); --le=+l.e (1x/0%); --le=l+e (15x/0%); --le=l.e (17x/0%); --lu=l.a (0x/0%).
PC ED IIIa ED IIIb Ebla OAkk Lag II Ur III OB Post-OB (unknown)
[1] 2 36 839 668 81 3894 1570 202 26
[2] 24 4
[3] 1 2 21 1
[4] 1 4 1 1 10 1
[5] 1 1
[6] 1
[7] 1
[8] 1
[9] 1
[10] 1
[11] 1
[12] 1
[13] 1

557 distinct forms attested; click to view forms table.

Attested in the following periods:

Early Dynastic I-II (2x/0%)

Early Dynastic IIIa (36x/0%)

Early Dynastic IIIb (840x/11%)

Old Akkadian (674x/9%)

Lagash II (83x/1%)

Ur III (3923x/53%)

Old Babylonian (1607x/22%)

Middle Assyrian (9x/0%)

Middle Babylonian (40x/1%)

Neo-Assyrian (112x/2%)

Neo-Babylonian (32x/0%)

Persian (2x/0%)

Hellenistic (12x/0%)

Uncertain (2x/0%)

unknown (25x/0%)

Verbal prefixes: V ; V.V.b ; V.V.da ; V.V.m ; V.V.m.da ; V.V.n ; V.b ; V.b.da ; V.b.ta.n ; V.ba ; V.ba.da ; V.ba.da.b ; V.da ; V.i ; V.i.n ; V.m ; V.m.da ; V.m.x ; V.m.ši ; V.m.ši.b ; V.m.ši.n ; V.n ; V.n.da ; V.n.da.n ; V.n.ši ; V.na ; V.ne ; V.ne.da ; V.ne.da.n ; V.ra ; V.ra.i ; Vmma ; Vmma.i ; Vmma.i.b ; Vmma.i.n ; Vmma.n ; Vmma.na.i.n.ši ; al ; ba ; ba.a ; ba.b ; ba.da ; ba.da.b ; ba.da.m ; ba.da.n ; ba.e ; ba.e.ni ; ba.i ; ba.i.b ; ba.i.n ; ba.n ; ba.n.da.b ; ba.ni ; ba.ni.n ; bara ; bara.V.na ; bara.V.ra ; bara.al ; bara.ba ; bara.ba.i.n ; bara.n ; ga ; ga.V.a.ta.i ; ga.mu.n ; ga.mu.ni.n ; ha ; ha.V ; ha.V.b ; ha.V.b.da ; ha.V.da ; ha.V.da.i ; ha.V.m.da ; ha.V.m.da.i ; ha.V.m.ta ; ha.V.m.ta.e ; ha.V.m.ta.i ; ha.V.m.ši ; ha.V.m.ši.i ; ha.V.n ; ha.V.n.da ; ha.V.n.da.n ; ha.V.n.ši ; ha.V.n.ši.i ; ha.V.na ; ha.V.na.da ; ha.V.na.ši ; ha.V.ne.ni ; ha.V.ne.ši ; ha.V.ni ; ha.V.ra ; ha.V.ra.b ; ha.V.ra.ni.b ; ha.Vmma.i ; ha.Vmma.i.b ; ha.Vmma.i.n ; ha.ba.i ; ha.ba.n ; ha.mu ; ha.mu.a ; ha.mu.a.n ; ha.mu.da ; ha.mu.e.da ; ha.mu.e.da.i ; ha.mu.e.da.n ; ha.mu.e.ši ; ha.mu.e.ši.i ; ha.mu.i ; ha.mu.n ; ha.mu.n.da ; ha.mu.n.ši ; ha.mu.n.ši.i.b ; ha.mu.n.ši.ni.e ; ha.mu.na ; ha.mu.na.b ; ha.mu.ni ; ha.mu.ra ; ha.mu.ra.n ; ha.mu.ta ; ha.mu.ši ; ha.x.da ; inga.ba ; inga.mu.e.da.e ; mu ; mu.a ; mu.a.da ; mu.a.n ; mu.da ; mu.da.n ; mu.e ; mu.e.da ; mu.e.ni ; mu.e.ši ; mu.i ; mu.i.b ; mu.i.n ; mu.n ; mu.n.da ; mu.n.da.i ; mu.n.da.n ; mu.n.ši ; mu.n.ši.n ; mu.na ; mu.na.b ; mu.na.i ; mu.na.n ; mu.na.ni ; mu.na.ni.b ; mu.na.ni.n ; mu.ne ; mu.ne.da.i ; mu.ne.e ; mu.ne.n ; mu.ni ; mu.ni.b ; mu.ni.n ; mu.ra ; mu.ra.e ; mu.ra.i ; mu.ra.n ; mu.ra.ši ; mu.ra.ši.i.b ; mu.ši ; mu.ši.i ; mu.ši.n ; na ; na.V.n ; na.Vmma.da ; na.mu.n ; na.na.i ; nu ; nu.V ; nu.V.b ; nu.V.b.ta ; nu.V.da ; nu.V.e ; nu.V.e.da ; nu.V.m ; nu.V.n ; nu.V.n.da ; nu.V.na.n ; nu.V.ni ; nu.V.ra ; nu.al ; nu.ba ; nu.ba.e.ni ; nu.ba.e.ši ; nu.ba.i.b ; nu.ba.na ; nu.ba.ni.b ; nu.ba.ši ; nu.mu ; nu.mu.da ; nu.mu.da.n ; nu.mu.e.da ; nu.mu.n ; nu.mu.n.da.i ; nu.mu.na.n ; nu.mu.ne ; nu.mu.ra ; nu.n ; nu.ra ; u.V.m.da.i ; u.Vmma.da ; u.ba ; u.mu.e ; u.mu.e.ni ; u.mu.ne ; x.da ; ša.V.n.da ; ša.V.ra.b ; ša.Vmma.i.b ; ša.ba ; ša.mu.a.ši ; ša.mu.e ; ša.mu.e.da ; ša.mu.e.ta ; ša.mu.e.ši ; ša.mu.i.n ; ša.mu.n ; ša.mu.n.ši ; ša.mu.n.ši.b ; ša.mu.n.ši.i.b ; ša.mu.na ; ša.mu.ra ; ša.mu.ra.n ; ša.mu.ra.ni.b .

Senses:

Akk. bašû; šakānu.

Bibliography

[2003/04] B. Alster, AfO 50 8.

[1992] M. Sigrist, Drehem 99.

[1989] P. Steinkeller, SDU 56-60.

[1973] G. Gragg, Sumerian Dimensional Infixes 15; 25.

Lexical Associations

pû[mouth]N ŠU-x (// x ŋal[be])

[...] ŋal₂ = pi-i ŠU?-[...] (Sm 2166 i' 4').

ul[not]MOD bašû[exist]V (// ŋal[be])

nu-i₃-ŋal₂ = ul i-ba-[-ši] (MB Ura 02 Seg.2, 81).

nu-i₃-ŋal₂ = ul MIN<(i-ba-aš₂-ši)> (K 04342 o ii 22'; CT 19, pl. 02, K 09961+ r i 13'''; MSL 05, 046 r ii 35).

šahātu[wash]V (// ŋal[be])

ŋal₂ga-galŋal₂ = šu-uḫ-ḫu-ṭu (TCL 06, 35 r i 38).


tūšaru[plain]N (// kiri[nose] ŠAM ŋal[be])

kiri₃ki-ir ŠAM galŋal₂ = tu-ša₂-ri (TCL 06, 35 r i 23).

abnu[stone]N paras[fraction]N manû[mina]N ṣehru[small]AJ (// na[stone] igi[~mathematics] aš[six] ŋal[be])

na₄ igi aš₃ ŋal₂-la = NA₄ pa-ras MIN<(MA.NA)> ṣe-eḫ-ri [...] (LTBA 1, 52 (+) LTBA 1, 87 o 10').

qannu[fringe]N (// si[horn] ŋal[be])

si ŋal₂ = [MIN<(qa-an-nu])> (TIM 09, 089 o i 5b).

aššu[because]SBJ kīam[thus]AV (// ur[he] ŋal[be])

[ur₅-ra-am₃ ŋal₂?] = -šum₂ ki-a-am [...] (KBo 26, 028 5').

References for all phrases

x ŋal[be]

x nu?-ŋal₂ = [...] (K 04177+ o ii 6').

[...] ŋal₂ (FAOS 02/1, 215 iii 4').

[...] ŋal₂? = mu-šib-ru-u₂ (CT 51, pl. 58-60, BM 122629+ o i 23').

[...] ŋal₂ = MIN.MIN<(mu-ta--du)> (CT 51, pl. 58-60, BM 122629+ o i 22').

[...] ŋal₂ = pi-i ŠU?-[...] (Sm 2166 i' 4').

[...] ŋal₂-la = qar-ru-tum (CT 19, pl. 29, K 04378+ r ii' 11').

ŋal[be]

an-da-ŋal₂ = na-ši (OBGT IIIB ii 8=61).

ḫe₂-ŋal₂ (OB Nippur Izi Tab.II, 102).

in-da-an-ŋal₂ (OB Nippur Ki-ulutin-bi-še 16; TMH 8, 21 o 15).

mu-da-ŋal₂ = na-ši-a-ku (OBGT IIIB ii 7=60).

nu-an!-da-ŋal₂ = u₂-ul na-ši (OBGT IIIB ii 11=64).

nu-e-da-ŋal₂ = u₂-ul na-ši-a-ti (OBGT IIIB ii 9=62).

nu-mu-da-ŋal₂ = u₂-ul na-ši-a-ku (OBGT IIIB ii 10=63).

nu-ŋal₂ (OB Nippur Izi Tab.II, 179, Tab.II, 180; MSL 13, 40 F r iv 6, r iv 8; MSL 13, 40 B o iv 26', o iv 27').

ŋal₂ (MSL 14, 029 Lf r i' 17; OB Nippur Ea 516d).

ŋal₂ = IG-[...] (CUSAS 12, 7.1 A r i 21').

ŋal₂ = [...] (CT 11, pl. 27, BM 093033 o iii 15').

ŋal₂ = x-[...] (CT 11, pl. 27, BM 093033 o iii 16').

i₃-ŋal₂ = i-ba--ši (MB Ura 02 Seg.2, 80).

i₃-ŋal₂ = i-ba-aš₂-ši (K 04342 o ii 21'; MSL SS 1, 121 o ii' 7'; CT 19, pl. 02, K 09961+ r i 12'''; MSL 05, 046 r ii 34).

ŋal₂ = ba-šu-u₂ (CT 35, pl. 01-08, BM 108862 r i 31; YOS 01, 53 r i 39; Ea 01 233; CT 11, pl. 29-32, DT 040 o i 48; MSL 03, 094 ST o ii 54').

ŋal₂ = ka-a-nu (CT 11, pl. 29-32, DT 040 o i 46).

ŋal₂ = la-ba-nu (CT 18, pl. 32, 34-35, K 02008 r ii 8').

ŋal₂ = ma-lu-u₂ (CT 11, pl. 29-32, DT 040 o i 42).

ŋal₂ = na-šu₂-u (CT 18, pl. 32, 34-35, K 02008 o i 14').

ŋal₂ = MIN<(na-šu-u₂)> ša₂ ka-la-ma (CT 19, pl. 42-43, K 00247+ r i 14).

ŋal₂ = na-ṣa-ru (YOS 01, 53 r i 39a; MSL 03, 094 ST o ii 55').

ŋal₂ = na-ṣa-rum (CT 11, pl. 29-32, DT 040 o i 47).

ŋal₂ = pa-ša₂-ḫu (CT 11, pl. 29-32, DT 040 o i 44).

nu-i₃-ŋal₂ = ul i-ba-[-ši] (MB Ura 02 Seg.2, 81).

nu-i₃-ŋal₂ = ul MIN<(i-ba-aš₂-ši)> (K 04342 o ii 22'; CT 19, pl. 02, K 09961+ r i 13'''; MSL 05, 046 r ii 35).

ŋal₂ = a-ša₂-bu (CT 11, pl. 29-32, DT 040 o i 43).

ŋal₂ga-galŋal₂ = šu-uḫ-ḫu-ṭu (TCL 06, 35 r i 38).

ŋal₂ = ša₂-ka-nu ša₂ mim (CT 19, pl. 40, K 04876+ r i' 14').


ab[cow] si[horn] ŋal[be]

ab₂ si [nu-ŋal₂-la] (HS 1799 b iii 14; OB Nippur Ura 3 220).

ab₂ si [ŋal₂-la] (HS 1799 b iii 13; OB Nippur Ura 3 219).

ama[mother] ŋal[be]

ama ŋal₂ (HS 1628 r? 4').

bar[outside] ŋal[be]

bar ŋal₂-ŋal₂ (CUNES 52-10-146 a iv 2').

e[leave] ŋal[be]

e₃ ŋal₂ = MIN.MIN<(ma-am-lu)> (CT 51, pl. 58-60, BM 122629+ o i 18').

eme[tongue] hulu[bad] ŋal[be]

eme ḫul ŋal₂ = le-[mu-ut-tum] (Oriento 23/2, 1-19 r ii 17).

ga[milk] kiŋ[work] ŋal[be]

ga kiŋ₂ ŋal₂-la (SLT 015 c ii 7).

gidubak[stylus] ŋal[be]

gi-dub-ba-zu; e-da-ŋal₂ = na-ši-a-ta; <(...)> (OBGT IIIB ii 5/6=58/59).

igi[eye] šag[heart] ŋal[be]

igi šag₄-ba nu-ŋal₂ (MSLSSI, 17-27 v 17).

igi[face] u[ten] ŋal[be]

[igi u ŋal₂-la] = []-re-tu (KAL 08, 005 r ii 1').

igi[~mathematics] limmu[four] ŋal[be]

igi limmu ŋal₂-[la] = [...] (MKT 1, 029, K 08687 r i' 5).

igi[~mathematics] u[ten] ŋal[be]

igi u ŋal₂-[la] = [...] (MKT 1, 029, K 08687 r i' 7).

igi[~mathematics] ya[five] ŋal[be]

igi ia₂ [ŋal₂-la] = [...] (MKT 1, 029, K 08687 r i' 6).

kag[mouth] hulu[bad] ŋal[be]

[ka ḫul] ŋal₂ = lem-nu-tum (Oriento 23/2, 1-19 o iv 19).

kag[mouth] zu ŋal[be]

ka zu kal-la = šu-up-pu-u šu-up-pi₂-ia-u-wa-ar (KBo 13, 001 + KBo 26, 20 + KBo 01, 44 r ii 15).

kaš[beer] kiŋ[work] ŋal[be]

kaš kiŋ₂ ŋal₂-la (SLT 061 o ii 7').

kiri[nose] ŠAM ŋal[be]

kiri₃ki-ir ŠAM galŋal₂ = tu-ša₂-ri (TCL 06, 35 r i 23).

lu[person] gaba[chest] ŋal[be]

lu₂ gaba ŋal₂ = ra-ap-ša-am i-ir-tim (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.2, 37).

lu₂ gaba ŋal₂ = ša i-ir-tam ma-lu-u₂ (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.2, 38).

lu[person] ŋal[be]

lu₂ al-ŋal₂ = gal-tum (NBC 09830 o i 34).

lu₂ al-ŋal₂ = par₂-du (NBC 09830 o i 35).

lu₂ al-ŋal₂ = ra-aḫ-bu (NBC 09830 o i 36).

mete[one's own] ŋal[be]

ni₂-te nu-ŋal₂-la = la a-di-rum (TCL 06, 35 o ii 17).

na[stone] igi[eye] aš[six] ŋal[be]

na₄ igi aš₃ ŋal₂ (CUSAS 12, 3.4.1 b i 25').

na₄ igi aš₃ ŋal₂-la (OB Nippur Ura 4 201).

[na₄ igi aš₃] ŋal₂-la = abnu paras [man ṣeḫru] (Ura 16 Seg.16, 10).

na[stone] igi[eye] limmu[four] ŋal[be]

na₄ igi limmu₅ ŋal₂ (CUSAS 12, 3.4.1 b i 24').

na₄ igi limmu₅ ŋal₂-la (OB Nippur Ura 4 200).

[na₄ igi limmu] ŋal₂-la = abnu rebû (Ura 16 Seg.16, 9).

na[stone] igi[eye] limmu[four] ŋal[be] giŋ[unit]

na₄ igi limmu₅ ŋal₂ giŋ₄!(ŠE) (AlT 447 r i 8).

na[stone] igi[eye] ya[five] ŋal[be] giŋ[unit]

na₄ igi ia₂ ŋal₂ giŋ₄!(ŠE) (AlT 447 r i 7).

na[stone] igi[face] limmu[four] ŋal[be]

na₄ igi limmu₅? ŋal₂ (MSL 10, 062 b i 1).

na[stone] igi[~mathematics] aš[six] ŋal[be]

na₄ igi aš₃ ŋal₂-la = NA₄ pa-ras MIN<(MA.NA)> ṣe-eḫ-ri [...] (LTBA 1, 52 (+) LTBA 1, 87 o 10').

na[stone] igi[~mathematics] eš[three] ŋal[be]

na₄ igi eš₅ ŋal₂-la = MIN<(a-ban)> SA₉ MA.NA [...] (CT 14, pl. 03-04, K 04205+ o ii' 9').

nim[fly] niŋnam[anything] ŋal[be]

nim niŋ₂-na-me nu-ŋal₂ = MIN<(baq-qu)> (Ura 14 312; LTBA 1, 40 r ii 9; LTBA 1, 44 r ii 5').

niŋ[thing] ŋal[be]

[kušniŋ₂] ŋal₂-la₂ (MSL 07, 209 V01 r v 4).

niŋziŋal[living creature] niŋnam[anything] mu[name] še[call] kalam[land] ŋal[be]

niŋ₂-zi-ŋal₂ niŋ-nam mu še₂₁ kalam-ma ŋal₂-la-a (CBS 08801 o 11).

si[horn] ŋal[be]

si ŋal₂ = [MIN<(qa-an-nu])> (TIM 09, 089 o i 5b).

u[planking] ŋal[be] gigir[chariot]

ŋešu₅? ab-ŋal₂ gigir (CUSAS 12, 3.1.1 a iii 24').

ur[he] ŋal[be]

[ur₅-ra-am₃ ŋal₂?] = -šum₂ ki-a-am [...] (KBo 26, 028 5').

x-x ama[mother] ŋal[be]

[x-x] ama? ŋal₂ (OB Nippur Lu 402).

ŋešnimbar[palm] ŋal[be]

ŋešŋešnimbar! al-ŋal₂-la (Emar 6/1, p. 105-109, Msk 731030 o iii 35; Syria 12, pl. 46-47, 03 + pl. 47, 04 o iii 9).

ŋešŋešnimbar al-ŋal₂-la = [...] (K 08240+ o ii 5).

ŋešŋešnimbar! nu-al-ŋal₂-la (Emar 6/1, p. 105-109, Msk 731030 o iii 36; Syria 12, pl. 46-47, 03 + pl. 47, 04 o iii 10; Syria 10, pl. 77, 06 1').

ŋešŋešnimbar nu-al-ŋal₂-la = [...] (K 08240+ o ii 6).

ŋešŋešnimbar nu-al-ŋal₂-la = la [na-šu-u] (K 04420 r i' 12'; Emar 6/1, p. 211, Msk 7480a r i 9).

ŋešŋešnimbar al-ŋal₂-la = na-šu-[u] (K 04420 r i' 11'; Emar 6/1, p. 211, Msk 7480a r i 8).

Word ID: o0029199; Citation URL: http://oracc.org/epsd2/o0029199; version 2.7.2 (built 2024-08-31)